The allocation of accounting profits to basis periods for tax purposes was reformed by FA 2022, s 7, Sch 1 and replaced with a tax year basis from the tax year 2024/25. The rules which apply for the tax year 2024/25 onwards are set out in the Tax year basis from 2024/25 onwards guidance note and the rules for the transitional tax year of 2023/24 including businesses starting in 2023/24 are set out in the Basis period transitional rules 2023/24 guidance note. The details below therefore are only relevant under the old basis rules.
When choosing an accounting date for a business, there are advantages and disadvantages in picking certain dates.
There are key factors to consider:
cash flow
administration, and
other short term factors
There can be also short-term benefits in selecting, or changing to, a particular year end. This is of relevance where there is a change in tax rate or taxpayers’ wish to crystallise the deferred tax asset of overlap profits.
Timing of disposal for capital gains taxDate of disposalThe date of the disposal determines the period in which the gain is subject to capital gains tax (CGT). When the rates of CGT change, the determination of the date of disposal can also affect the rate of CGT that applies to the gain.See the
Bad debtsBad debts usually arise where goods or services have been provided to a customer, for which payment has not been received within a reasonable or specified time period, or for which the customer is unable to pay. It is necessary to determine the quantum of relief that can be claimed for bad
Ministers of religionMost ministers of religion or members of the clergy are either office-holders or employees and so their earnings are taxable under ITEPA 2003 as employment income and are subject to Class 1 National Insurance.For the purposes of the tax system, a minister does not have to belong