This Practice Note provides an introduction for persons who are new to pensions law to pension overpayments from occupational pension schemes, in particular why they occur, the role of the trustees and sponsoring employer, the methods of recovering overpayments (including restitution and equitable recoupment), defences that members can use to prevent recovery of overpayments (including limitation, change of position and estoppel), how to minimise the risk of overpayments occurring, and the tax consequences of overpayments.