VAT—capital goods scheme (CGS)

Produced in partnership with Martin Scammell
Practice notes

VAT—capital goods scheme (CGS)

Produced in partnership with Martin Scammell

Practice notes
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FORTHCOMING CHANGE: HMRC published a call for evidence in 2019 on ‘simplifying’ the rules on VAT partial exemption and the CGS. This was followed in March 2021 by a summary of responses, which set out some changes to partial exemption processes, and said that HMRC would continue to engage with stakeholders about other matters. No timings were given for any next steps, but it seems likely that, in due course, the CGS threshold for land and property will be increased, perhaps to £1m, and that other assets will be removed from the scheme entirely.

This Practice Note looks at the principles of the VAT capital goods scheme (CGS).

Why does this matter?

The CGS can create a substantial liability for property owners, particularly on a disposal. This can usually be avoided, but only if it is recognised and appropriate action is taken. This does not always happen, and negligence claims are not unusual.

The CGS can also sometimes allow additional VAT to be claimed from HMRC, and for some businesses it imposes an ongoing compliance obligation.

Martin Scammell
Martin Scammell


Martin Scammell is an independent VAT consultant, specialising in property and construction matters, who works with tax departments in major corporates and universities, and with a number of law and accountancy firms. He is the author of the leading reference work on VAT and property.

Martin started out in VAT Policy in Customs & Excise, was a Partner at Ernst & Young, where he headed up the VAT real estate group, and then became head of indirect tax at Eversheds.

He has been involved in the development of VAT legislation and policy over many years, and regularly serves on working parties established by HMRC. He was a member of the Office of Tax Simplification’s consultative committee for their review of VAT in 2017, and in 2018-19 of HMRC’s external stakeholder group considering the proposed reverse charge for building work. Martin currently works with HMRC as technical secretary to the British Property Federation’s VAT Committee, as an adviser to the British Universities’ Finance Directors’ Group and as a member of HMRC’s Joint VAT Consultative Committee and VAT Land and Property Liaison Group. He is a member of the Chartered Institution of Taxation’s indirect taxes and property taxes committees.

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Jurisdiction(s):
United Kingdom
Key definition:
Goods definition
What does Goods mean?

Goods denote personal chattel and other property which may be detached from land.

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