Key practice note looking at the courts’ approach when deciding if a duty of care is owed by the defendant, including claims for novel situations, psychiatric injury, omissions and claims involving public authorities.
This content deals with the duty of care owed by road users to others in road traffic accidents, including car drivers or motorists, passengers, pedestrians, cyclists and the standard of care.
See what court to issue your claim in depending on the value of the claim and other factors. We look at the type of claims the specialist courts deal with and provide guidelines that need to be adhered to.
After the Jackson Review, the Legal Services Act 2011, and implementation of the Legal Aid, Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Act 2012, competition for work is intense. PI lawyers must know new and unfamiliar areas.
Dispute Resolution analysis: The minutes of the Civil Procedure Rule Committee (CPRC) meeting of 4 July 2025 (conducted in a hybrid format at The...
This week’s edition of PI & Clinical Negligence weekly highlights brings you the new out-of-hours application form for the Court of Appeal,...
Law360, London: A London court has ruled that Alaska Airlines Inc must pay Virgin group more than US$ 30m in missed minimum royalties under a...
Law360, London: Mishcon de Reya, Leigh Day and almost 20 other major legal players have urged the UK government to urgently introduce legislation to...
HM Courts & Tribunals Service (HMCTS) has published a form which must be completed when making an application out of hours in the Court of Appeal...
Guideline hourly rates—illustrative judgmentsThis Practice Note contains illustrative decisions as to how the court applies the guideline hourly rates...
Pleading debt claims—worked hypothetical examplesScope of this Practice NoteThis Practice Note provides a set of worked examples for pleading:•the...
Extending time for service of the claim form—principlesThis Practice Note considers obtaining an extension of time for serving the claim form. It...
Evidence—status, use and admissibility of witness statements and proving other factual mattersThis Practice Note provides guidance on proving factual...
Declaratory reliefThis Practice Note considers when, why and how you can apply to court for declaratory relief (a declaration from the court) and what...
Unless orderClaim No. [insert claim number].[IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUSTICE[BUSINESS AND PROPERTY COURTS [OF ENGLAND AND WALES OR IN [insert location]...
Precedent R—costs budget discussion reportPrecedent R is a costs precedent. There is no formal requirement to use Precedent R but parties are...
Mediation directions and draft orders—personal injury and clinical negligencePost-issue suggested mediation directions1[On or before [insert] the...
Letter to expert requesting costs budgeting informationDear [expert’s name]Re: [Client’s name]Address: [Insert address]Date of Birth: [Insert date of...
Invitation to mediate, clinical negligence or personal injury—straightforward case[insert name and address of addressee][insert date]Dear [insert...
False imprisonmentLiabilityFalse imprisonment consists of the complete deprivation of liberty without a lawful basis. Claims will in practice be made...
The employer’s duty of careThis Practice Note considers the scope of an employer’s common law duty to ensure the safety of their employees with...
Duty of care and breach in clinical negligence claimsThe duty of careA medical practitioner owes a duty of care to their patient. This duty is to take...
Pain, suffering and loss of amenityValuing the lossHow should an injury be measured in a sum of money? After all no formula can calculate the value of...
Contributory negligence in personal injury claimsContributory negligence is a partial defence which can lead to a discount in damages.Other defences...
Damages in fatal accident claimsElements of a fatal accident claimThere are two different elements to a fatal accident claim:•the Law Reform...
Psychiatric injury—establishing liabilityLiability for psychiatric injury is dependent in part on the nature of the injuries suffered and the manner...
Was the damage foreseeable?The concept of foreseeability and remoteness in negligence claimsEven if the claimant proves:•that the defendant acted...
Claims against the policeIntroductionThe police force is a pure public authority (ie performs only public functions). Therefore, claims can be brought...
Psychiatric injury—primary victimsDefining the primary victimA primary victim is a claimant who was directly involved as a participant in the incident...
Vicarious liability in the course of employment—the close connection testThis Practice Notes considers the circumstances in which the court will hold...
Misfeasance in public officeThe tort of misfeasanceMisfeasance in public office is a tort that is rarely invoked in personal injury claims. It is only...
Interest on general damages, special damages and judgment debtInterest on general damagesEntitlementA claimant is entitled to simple interest at a...
Claims against schoolsClaims against schools by pupils can arise in a number of ways, including pupils:•being injured due to condition of...
Qualified one-way costs shifting (QOCS)NOTE: the Civil Procedure (Amendment) Rules 2023, SI 2023/105, amended CPR 44.14 so that defendants can enforce...
Psychiatric injury—secondary victims—case trackerA secondary victim is someone who has suffered psychiatric injury not by being directly involved in...
Did the claimant consent to the risk of injury?The essence of a defence of volenti non fit injuria (‘to a willing person, no injury is done’) is that...
For the purposes of the Code, a day on which the stock-exchange'>London Stock Exchange is open for the transaction of business.
When information is stored on a back-up tape by saving only the additional information since the last back up, rather than capturing all the information on available.
An order of the court which for the period during which it is in force puts in place a moratorium to give the applicant an opportunity to put a proposal for an individual voluntary arrangement to his creditors.