Telecoms

The provision of communications services and the handling of communications data are subject to extensive EU legislation. This subtopic contains guidance on EU rules relating to telecoms.

The graphic below provides an overview of the telecommunications and digital regulatory framework which applies in the EU.

The EU regulatory framework for electronic communications

In the EU, the provision of electronic communications networks (ECNs) and electronic communications services (ECSs) in each EU Member State was previously governed by a common regulatory framework which originally comprised five directives (the Framework), which are:

  1. Directive 2002/21/EC of 7 March 2002 on a common regulatory framework for electronic communications networks and services as amended by Directive 2009/140/EC (Framework Directive)

  2. Directive 2002/20/EC of 7 March 2002 on the authorisation of electronic communications networks and services as amended by Directive 2009/140/EC (Authorisation Directive)

  3. Directive 2002/19/EC of 7 March 2002 on access to, and interconnection of, electronic communications networks and associated facilities as amended by Directive 2009/140/EC (Access Directive)

  4. Directive 2002/22/EC of 7 March 2002 on universal service and users' rights relating to electronic communications networks and services as amended by Directive 2009/136/EC

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Commission launches consultation to revise the EU Cybersecurity Act and strengthen the EU cybersecurity framework

The European Commission launched a call for evidence to support the preparation of a legislative proposal to revise the EU Cybersecurity Act. The initiative aims to strengthen EU cyber resilience, update the mandate of the EU Agency for Cybersecurity (ENISA) and improve the effectiveness of the European Cybersecurity Certification Framework. The Commission noted that the cybersecurity landscape has become significantly more complex and threat‑intensive since the Act’s adoption in 2019, while subsequent EU legislation has expanded ENISA’s tasks beyond its original mandate, creating the need to streamline, simplify and supplement the existing framework to ensure coherence, reduce administrative burdens and improve implementation for businesses and users. The initiative focuses on measures to support a secure and resilient Information and Communication Technology supply chain and the EU cybersecurity industrial base, addresses shortcomings in the certification framework such as slow adoption, unclear roles, limited agility and insufficient clarity on covered risks, including non‑technical factors, and considers alignment with newer instruments such as the Cyber Resilience Act. The Commission outlined policy options ranging from non‑legislative measures to targeted or comprehensive regulatory revision, stating that EU‑level action is required to prevent internal market fragmentation and to secure long‑term economic and social benefits through greater harmonisation, stronger cybersecurity and resilience, more efficient incident response and enhanced protection of fundamental rights, including personal data. The call for evidence will run until 20 June 2025.

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