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The European Association of CCP Clearing Houses (EACH) has stated that EU and UK central counterparties clearing deliverable exchange-traded...
The Association for Financial Markets in Europe (AFME) has urged EU policymakers to use the forthcoming Market Integration and Supervision Package...
The Association for Financial Markets in Europe (AFME) has published its Government Bond Data Report for Q4 2025 (4Q25) and the full year 2025. It...
The Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (FCDO), together with the Office of Financial Sanctions Implementation (OFSI), the Office of Trade...
The Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government (MHCLG) has issued a summary of consultation responses on problems caused by existing ground...
What does this Practice Note cover?This Practice Note provides an overview of liability management techniques for bonds (including bond buybacks,...
In March 2018, the Irish Stock Exchange plc was acquired by Euronext. The Irish Stock Exchange plc joined Euronext’s federal model, and operates under...
This Practice Note introduces key concepts in the EU’s package of prudential measures, the Capital Requirements Directive IV (Directive 2013/36/EU)...
Updated for the UK by the Practical Guidance Team.A debtor-in-possession (DIP) must operate the business, serve as a fiduciary or trustee for the...
Section 423 of the Insolvency Act 1986 (IA 1986) allows for the avoidance of transactions which were designed to defraud creditors. Its provisions are...
This is a template closing memorandum for use in a high-yield bond transaction. It sets out steps to be taken during the course of a high-yield bond...
This Deed is made on [insert day and month] 20[insert year]Parties1THE COMPANIES identified in Schedule 1 (each a Chargor and together the Chargors);...
For further practical guidance on solar projects, including insights from a number of jurisdictions, see also textbook: Solar Power: A Practical...
We, [insert name of Lender/Security Agent], a company incorporated in [Scotland OR England and Wales] under the Companies Acts with Registered Number...
FOR THE PURPOSES OF THE LEGAL WRITINGS (COUNTERPARTS AND DELIVERY) (SCOTLAND) ACT 2015, THIS DISCHARGE IS DELIVERED ON [insert date] 20[insert...
Invoice discounting and factoringThe popularity of financing business through the invoice discounting and factoring of receivables has grown...
Foreign exchange (FX) derivativesWhat is a FX derivative?A foreign exchange (FX) derivative is a type of derivative whose payoff depends on the FX...
Types of debt securitiesWhat are debt securities?In the context of the debt capital markets, the term 'debt security' means a financial instrument,...
An introduction to repo and the Global Master Repurchase Agreement (GMRA)Coronavirus (COVID-19): This Practice Note contains information on subjects...
Offtake contracts—key issues for project finance lendersMost projects are underpinned by a complex web of contractual relationships between all the...
PledgesA pledge is one of the four types of security recognised under English law—the types of security are described in Practice Note: Types of...
Key features of debenturesDebentures are used in many types of financing where it is desirable to take security over all of the assets of a particular...
Overdrafts, term loans and revolving credit facilitiesThis Practice Note explains the features of three common types of loan facility:•overdrafts•term...
Bilateral, syndicated and club arrangementsOne of the features used to categorise loans is the number of lenders involved. A loan involving one lender...
Negative pledgesThis Practice Note examines:•why negative pledge clauses are used in commercial transactions •the consequences of breaching negative...
The security agent and security trust provisionsThe security agentIn a syndicated loan transaction, the security agent (sometimes also known as the...
Common financial covenantsThis Practice Note explains certain common financial covenants used in commercial finance transactions including:•minimum...
Term Loan B facilitiesThis Practice Note discusses Term Loan B (TLB) facilities which frequently appear as a tranche of senior facilities in...
What is OTC derivative contract clearing?What is clearing?When an over-the-counter (OTC) derivative transaction between two counterparties is...
Introduction to asset financeWhat is asset finance?Asset finance is a method of providing financing for the purchase of particular tangible movable...
Incremental debt flexibility or accordion featuresWhat are incremental facilities?An incremental facility is feature included in a credit agreement...
Selling a loan by sub-participationSub-participation is a means by which a lender can transfer its risk in a loan to another entity. It is used in the...
Futures Industry Association, the leading trade organisation for the futures, options and cleared swaps markets worldwide.
In the context of the transition from IBORs to risk-free rates (RFRs), this refers to the adjustment that needs to be made to RFRs to reflect the premia for credit risk and liquidity that are built into the IBORs, but not into RFRs.
A swingline facility is where a lender makes a short-term (operating not more than five days) loan, in smaller amounts, on shorter notice and with a higher interest rate than is otherwise available for revolving credit loans.